Egyptian Monarch. Born Ahmed Fuad Pasha in Giza, the youngest son of the Ottoman khedive or viceroy in Egypt, Ismael Pasha. The elder Pasha's policies ultimately bankrupted Egypt, leading to a revolution, and the British occupation of the country. He was removed from office in 1879, and the family went into exile in Italy, where Fuad was educated at the military academy in Turin. In the 1890s, Fuad returned to Egypt, and secured a position as aide-de-camp to khedive Abbas II. In 1917, Egypt was still a British protectorate, the Imperial authorities selected him to succeed Hussein Kamin as sultan of Egypt. In 1919 Britain suggested a willingness to negotiate a treaty that would give Egypt more independence. Fuad had strong popular support but an equally strong nationalist movement had emerged, producing a rival to Fuad. The conflict between the two parties ultimately led to a collapse of the negotiations. In 1922, Britain declared a unilateral, if nominal, Egyptian independence and Fuad ascended as king of Egypt. The Egyptian constitution vested considerable powers in the king; he could, and did, involve himself in legislation, convening and dissolving Parliament, and in the civil and military affairs of the state. For the entirety of his reign, there was conflict between the palace, the nationalists, and the British. In 1930 he made an effort to stabilize his political position; he dissolved parliament, revoked the old constitution, and promoted both a new constitution and a new electoral law. The 1931 elections resulted in a cooperative parliament, and a relative domestic stability prevailed until 1935, when he was forced, under strong nationalist pressure, to re-institute the old constitution. Nationalists opposing to his notably autocratic rule, regained the majority in parliament. The king appointed a delegation to treat with Britain for the end of the British occupation of Egypt. Unfortunately, he died before the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty was finalized. The treaty ending British occupation was signed by his successor, his son, Farouk. Fuad's daughter, Fawziyyah, was the first wife of the shah of Iran.
Egyptian Monarch. Born Ahmed Fuad Pasha in Giza, the youngest son of the Ottoman khedive or viceroy in Egypt, Ismael Pasha. The elder Pasha's policies ultimately bankrupted Egypt, leading to a revolution, and the British occupation of the country. He was removed from office in 1879, and the family went into exile in Italy, where Fuad was educated at the military academy in Turin. In the 1890s, Fuad returned to Egypt, and secured a position as aide-de-camp to khedive Abbas II. In 1917, Egypt was still a British protectorate, the Imperial authorities selected him to succeed Hussein Kamin as sultan of Egypt. In 1919 Britain suggested a willingness to negotiate a treaty that would give Egypt more independence. Fuad had strong popular support but an equally strong nationalist movement had emerged, producing a rival to Fuad. The conflict between the two parties ultimately led to a collapse of the negotiations. In 1922, Britain declared a unilateral, if nominal, Egyptian independence and Fuad ascended as king of Egypt. The Egyptian constitution vested considerable powers in the king; he could, and did, involve himself in legislation, convening and dissolving Parliament, and in the civil and military affairs of the state. For the entirety of his reign, there was conflict between the palace, the nationalists, and the British. In 1930 he made an effort to stabilize his political position; he dissolved parliament, revoked the old constitution, and promoted both a new constitution and a new electoral law. The 1931 elections resulted in a cooperative parliament, and a relative domestic stability prevailed until 1935, when he was forced, under strong nationalist pressure, to re-institute the old constitution. Nationalists opposing to his notably autocratic rule, regained the majority in parliament. The king appointed a delegation to treat with Britain for the end of the British occupation of Egypt. Unfortunately, he died before the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty was finalized. The treaty ending British occupation was signed by his successor, his son, Farouk. Fuad's daughter, Fawziyyah, was the first wife of the shah of Iran.
Bio by: Iola
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