US Army Lieutenant General, Military Governor of Hawaii After the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor. The son of a prosperous hardware business owner, his athletic skills earned him the captain of his high school football and baseball teams. He graduated from high school in 1904 and desiring to obtain an appointment to the US Military Academy at West Point, New York, he spent the following year at the Werntz Preparatory School in Annapolis, Maryland to prepare for the academy's entrance examinations. In June 1905 he was accepted to West Point, graduating in June 1909 with a commission as an infantry 2nd lieutenant, and assigned as commanding officer of Company B, 30th Infantry Regiment at the Presidio, San Francisco, California. He moved with his unit when it transferred to Fort Gibbon, Alaska, and was then assigned to Plattsburg Barracks, New York. In July 1916 he was promoted to 1st lieutenant and was detailed into the Army's Signal Corps Aviation Section for pilot training the following month. In 1917 he was rated a junior military aviator and promoted to captain. He returned to San Francisco, serving as an aeronautical officer of the Army's Western Department, and from there was assigned as an assistant executive of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer in Washington DC. In June 1918 he was promoted to major and transferred to Mather Field, California. Two months later he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and the following December he relocated to McCook Field in Dayton, Ohio as the assistant chief of the Engineering Division. In July 1920 he transferred to the US Army Air Service and the following year he completed the Air Service Course at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. He returned to McCook Field and served for three years as chief of Production Engineering. In August 1924 he was transferred to Crissy Field, California, serving as the commanding officer, and then to Rockwell Field, Coronado, California, as commanding officer of the 91st Observation Squadron. In August 1927 he became the executive officer for the Chief of the Air Corps in Washington DC and in October 1928 he held the same assignment for the Assistant Secretary of War for Air, F. Trubee Davidson. He was a student at the Air Corps Tactical School in Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama from 1931 to 1932, as well as the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas from 1932 to 1934, and graduated from both schools. He then became Commanding Officer of the 18th Composite Wing, and Air Officer, Hawaiian Department, at Fort Shafter in Hawaii from March 1934 to July 1936. In March 1935 he was promoted to colonel and was then promoted to brigadier general in June 1936. In July 1936 he became the Commanding General of the 1st Wing, General Headquarters Air Force, at March Field, CA. In March 1939 he was promoted to major general when he was appointed Commanding General of General Headquarters (GHQ) Air Force, at Langley Field, Virginia. During World War II, when France fell to Germany in 1940, the Americans and British increased their military cooperation and he was assigned temporary duty as a military observer and sent to London in August 1940. In November 1940, he was promoted to lieutenant general when Army General Headquarters (GHQ) was activated, in order to make him equal in grade to other GHQ subordinate commanders. He retained his command when GHQ Air Force was renamed Air Force Combat Command in June 1941 and made a part of the new United States Army Air Forces. Ten days after the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, he returned to Hawaii as Commanding General of the Hawaiian Department, succeeding Lieutenant General Walter C. Short who was removed from command as a result of the attack. He shored up air and land defenses in Hawaii until the American naval air victory over the Japanese at the Battle of Midway in May 1942 relieved further concerns of any new attacks on Hawaii. He established good relations with the local Japanese-American community, blocking efforts to relocate them to the outer islands or to internment camps on the US mainland, and supported the formation of combat units consisting of Japanese-American volunteers to serve on the European Front. He returned to the U.S. mainland in June 1943 where he was assigned as Commanding General of the Western Defense Command, at the Presidio in San Francisco. In June 1944 he became Commanding General of the Alaskan Department, Fort Richardson, Alaska until June 1946, when he became Commandant of the Armed Forces Staff College at Norfolk, Virginia, and remained in that position until he retired on 30 June 1948 with 39 years of continuous active military service. Among his military decorations and awards include the Army Distinguished Service Medal (with 2 oak leaf clusters), the Legion of Merit (with one oak leaf cluster), the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Medal, the American Defense Service Medal (with foreign service clasp), the American Campaign Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (with bronze star), the World War I Victory Medal, and the World War II Victory Medal. HE died in Hillsborough, California at the age of 72.