Prime Minister of Portugal. He was a Portuguese politician , university professor, and minister in several governments of the Estado Novo dictatorship. Marcello José das Neves Alves Caetano was born into a modest family. He graduated in Law with excellent grades, but began his professional activity as a journalist, having been an activist in the Junta Escolar do Integralismo Lusitano. In 1933 he married Teresa Teixeira de Queirós de Barros, the daughter of the poet and pedagogue João de Barros, and they had four children. By defending a strong and corporatist state, mirrored in Mussolini's model, he was first named National Commissioner of Portuguese Youth, standing out for his reformist ideologies regarding Portugal's neutrality during World War II, or for his critical thinking regarding the conduct of the internal policy conducted by Salazar. Four years later, in 1944, he was appointed Minister of the Colonies, then, in 1949, President of the Corporative Chamber and, finally, in 1955, Minister of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, a position he would hold until 1958, a date that signaled a crisis internal politics in the regime. As a result, he opted to return to academic life, having been appointed rector of the University of Lisbon in 1959. However, given the Academic Crisis of 1962, he resigned. In 1968, due to Salazar's removal from political life for health reasons, Marcello Caetano was named his successor, thus coming to power. Thus began what would be the final phase of the authoritarian regime, marked by several significant reforms in the political organization of the country and in the question of Overseas which, in a certain way, in the first phase, modernized and liberalized Portugal. On April 25, 1974, with the Carnation Revolution, which put an end to the current regime, Marcello Caetano was forced to surrender to General Spínola, becoming the last head of government of the Estado Novo. The following day, he was sent to Madeira, later, about a month later, exiled to Brazil, where he resumed teaching at various universities. He also founded the Institute of Comparative Law at Universidade Gama Filho, in Rio de Janeiro, and devoted himself to writing until he died following a heart attack.