Research began in 1985 and has led to delving into numerous distant lineages. The quest for more insight and details will never end. Often overlooked sources: chancery, chattel, city directories, coroner's inquests, English duplicates, estray, hospital admissions, Indiana State Archives, police employee files, prison files, quit rent rolls, tax lists. I highly recommend blacksheepancestors.com, DNA Painter, Eupedia, GEDmatch, GenealogyExplained and GeneticHomeland, Geneanet and Gravestone Artwear.

As of 2023, I have proven descent from all 32 Third Great-Grandparents and 55 out of 64 Fourth Great-Grandparents. I am working on proving the remaining 9: McCarter/Carter, Snider, Ritter, Brown/McQuarrie, Ingham, Nunn, Cock/Cook(e), plus two unknown.

CIVIL WAR PROJECT: Searching for death and burial places for the these veterans:
1) Reuben Campbell - (1831-1874), Private, 27th Reg., Co. C or G; died in Brown Co., IN
2) Christopher Cheek Green - (1839-1862/1865), Indianapolis; possible service but unknown
3) Truelove M. Wooten - (1837-1900/1910), Private, 6th Reg. KY Mounted Infantry, Co. C, CSA; died in KY or IL
4) Capt. Joseph W. Young - (1824-1864), Monroe Co., IN; 97th Reg. Co. C; died at Kennesaw Mt., GA

I have an avid interest in archaeology, archaeogenetics, family history, genetic genealogy, phylogeny and segmentology. I'm always looking for information on new breakthroughs. I find funerary art intriguing as well. Other pursuits include arrowhead and fossil hunting, rockhounding and nature walks.

There are still a number of unknown, unmarked and unregistered pioneer cemeteries and family plots that have not been thoroughly researched. One such place is in a field near the corner of Richards Rd. and Carmel Ridge Rd. in Jackson Twp., Brown Co., IN. According to a neighbor, when his father was young in the early 1900's, no one around knew who was buried in this cemetery. Another family plot is off of Haggard Rd. also in Jackson Twp. The original land owners, the Canatsey and Fesler family members, are buried at East Hill Cemetery. Perhaps, some tenants are buried here. Both cemeteries are likely from the 1820 to 1860 time frame. It is probably time for someone to research, identify, mark and register them.

PHOTO PROJECT: Searching for photos of my Great-Great-Grandfather Thomas Allen Shackelford (1853-1902) and his son Milton Shackelford (1875-1931) as well as Milton's children: Lucien, Charles, Rose and Russell. Also, looking for photos of George and Ruth (Coon) Tutterow and their children: Sarah Pruitt d. 1928, Samuel Tutrow d. 1927 and Elizabeth Baker d. 1938. Additionally, I'm looking for photos of Wm. Monroe Merriman (1863-1944) and his siblings James W., Amanda S. Cornelius and Laura Turner.

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My ancestral families from the Indiana Territory phase, 1800-1816: Barnett, Fleener/Fleenor, Griesemer/Grisamore/Grismore/Crismore, LaFabre/LaFavre/Lafaver/LeFebre, Batdorf/Bottorff/Puttorff/Pottorff/Potteroff, Visinand/Whisenand/Whisnant/Whisenhunt. These families were mainly from France, the Rhineland in Germany and various cantons in Switzerland and settled in Clark, Daviess, Monroe and Washington counties.

2020 MyHeritage results: 52.9% Scandinavian, 21.5% Irish, Scottish & Welsh, 14.1% Iberian, 11.5% Italian. The Scandinavian amount likely reflects a significant amount of Viking ancestry from Northern Ireland, Dublin, coastal areas of Ireland, Isle of Man, Hebrides, Iona, Orkney Islands, Shetland and other areas of northern Scotland; Danish Vikings from The Danelaw in eastern England as well as later Norman lines. Some Scandinavian ancestry may be from Germany and the Netherlands. The Italian amount may be attributable to French ancestry as well as to Romano-British, Languedoc Huguenot, Piedmont, Sardinian and Tuscan Waldensian, SW German and Swiss ancestry. Brand new Genetic Groups maps reveal that most of the Iberian is from southern and western France. High Confidence Genetic Groups: Midwestern USA #2, Midwestern and Northeastern USA, Southern USA and Kentucky, Missouri, Indiana and Illinois.

2020 FTDNA MyOrigins V3 results: Western Europe 99% - England, Wales, Scotland 81%, Central Europe 11%, Ireland 7%; Magyar less than 1%; Sardinia less than 1%. Magyar locations include: Austria, Hungary, Romania - Banat, Crișana, Transylvania, Serbia and Slovakia.

My Mother's 2021 MyHeritage results: 58.1% Scandinavian, 26.2% Irish, Scottish & Welsh, 15.7% Italian.

My Mother's FTDNA results: England, Wales, Scotland 35%, Central Europe 33%, Ireland 24%, Magyar 6%, Greece and Balkans 2%.

My Father's inferred ethnic background using FTDNA categories and close relatives results: England, Wales, Scotland over 45%; Italian Peninsula, Basque, Sardinia and possibly a few others.

DNA Land results: Northwest European 68% includes Scottish Argyll Bute, British, Icelandic, Norwegian, Orcadian, Irish; the other results are outliers.

Top Ten Countries of Origin per FTDNA Choropleth Map, My Heritage results & Genetic Genealogy:
1) UNITED KINGDOM - ENGLAND - Devonshire, Hampshire, Liverpool, London - Central and East End, Manchester, Norwich, Warwick, ISLE OF MAN, NORTHERN IRELAND - mainly Co. Antrim - Belfast, Co. Armagh, Coleraine and Co. Down, SCOTLAND - Berwickshire, Caithness, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Inverness, Moray, Roxburgshire, Shetland, Strathclyde, Strathnaver.
2)GERMANY - Baden-Württemberg - Black Forest, Esslingen am Neckar, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Zaberfeld; Bavaria, Cologne (Köln), Düsseldorf, Harz Mountains, Rhineland-Palatinate.
3) IRELAND - most counties
4) NETHERLANDS
5) FRANCE - Alsace-Lorraine, Arles, Bordeaux, Burgundy, Champagne-Ardenne, Franche-Comté, La Rochelle, Nice, Provence, Rhône-Alpes, Rouen, Sédan.
6) SWEDEN
7) NORWAY
8) SWITZERLAND
9) DENMARK
10) FINLAND

My ancestors run the gamut and include Black Dutch, Druids, Languedoc Huguenots, Manx, Masons, Melungeons, Piedmont Waldensians, Puritans, Swiss Mennonites, Dunkard Brethern, United Brethern, Walloons. Remote Huguenot progenitors may include: Cathars, Vaudois of Lyon/Valdens/Waldensians, Bogomils, Armenian Paulicians, Manichaeans, Dualists, Zoroastrians. Ancient ancestors may include Phrygians and other Anatolians, Tushetians.

Intriguing HarappaWorld test results: NE-Euro 46.59%, Mediterranean 34.21%, Caucasian 8.73%, Baloch 7.86%, SW-Asian 1.93%, (Native) American 0.34%, W-African 0.13%, E-African 0.11%. French is shown as the closest Single Population Sharing source. The Harappa Civilization existed ≈ 4K YBP. I surmise that the Mediterranean amount is higher than average. My K36 test shows 16.96% Italian and 2.59% W Med. Other likely Mediterranean ancestors include the Carthaginians, Luwians, Lydians, Natufians, Phoenicians and possibly the Sea Peoples. My Ancient Eurasia K6 test shows a 37.92% Natufian result.

The HarrapaWorld result of 0.34% American possibly represents Taino ancestry. MDLP World 22 results show 0.25% South American; a sibling has 0.53 % on this same test. This may possibly be from a small bit of ancient Arawak Amazonian ancestry and correlates with the chance of later Taino heritage. There may also be a connection to the Timucua tribe of northern Florida.

FTDNA Ancient Euro Origins results: Farmer 46%, Hunter-Gatherer 44%, Metal Age Invader 10%. The Invader category is associated with the Yamnaya culture and Y-haplogroup R1b. Since my results show R1b then I am quite possibly a descendant of the Yamnaya.

Not every ancestor in one's genealogic family tree is also in one's genetic family tree. So, you don't inherit genes from every ancestor. An excellent article on this subject: http://www.thegeneticgenealogist.com/2013/11/05/understanding-autosomal-dna-with-just-a-few-basic-tenets/. See: http://gcbias.org/2013/11/04/how-much-of-your-genome-do-you-inherit-from-a-particular-ancestor/. According to research by Genetic Interference, at 10 generations back, only 120 of your 1024 genealogical ancestors are genetic ancestors. Recommended reading: Forensic Genealogy by Colleen Fitzpatrick, PhD.

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MERRIMAN ANCESTRY

My Y-DNA M269 SNP Backbone test results reveal that my Merriman family belongs to: Haplogroup R1b-U152 L2, likely of North Italic origin and possibly Romano-British. FTDNA match results indicate that the most likely subclade is R-FTT12. According to the FTDNA Migration Map, L2 originated somewhere in the vicinity of Tuscany. The Haplogroup Story shows an origin date of 2550 BCE. Results connect to the Curd family of NC and TN. Another result showing the R-FTT12 subclade is for the Sgriccia surname of Preci, Perugia, Umbria, Italy. A more distant connection is to the Da Soler/Soller surname of Treviso, Veneto, Italy. There is a good possibility that the family possibly came to Britain during Roman times. Further SNP testing may answer this intriguing question. There appear to be DNA connections to Stockport, Manchester, UK; incidentally, Roman legions were once in that area.

Some surnames that likely connect in the distant past include Bernardi, Banks, Hagi, Maggard, Rendell, Baud/Baut, Hickey and Doss. These surnames originate in England, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland.

A careful comparison of my results to those of other Merrimans & Merrymans shows that quite a few do not connect through genetic testing.

Interestingly, the picture of John Merryman, III, of Baltimore, MD, (1736-1814), doesn't resemble anyone in my branch. He is separated by a number of generations from Merrimans in Morgan Co., Indiana. Limited autosomal DNA does connect his line. However, y-DNA results are needed from his branch. Thus far, no y-DNA results have been located.

New research in 2021 reveals possible genetic ties to the Merrimans of Sandhurst, Berkshire, UK.

Possible surname meanings: 1) one who was in the service of a knight or outlaw; 2) one who had a pleasant attitude.

My London Merriman ancestors resided in the older wards of the city and the East End: Aldgate, Aldersgate, Coleman St. and Cripplegate wards, Cheapside, Clerkenwell, Stepney, the Tower Hamlets, Whitechapel. Some of these wards are in the same area as ancient Londinium. In the 1630's James and John Merryman set sail from Gravesend, a port city just east of London. They first settled along the James River in James City Co., Charles City Co., York Co., Virginia Colony.

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PATERNAL LINES:

MERRYMAN/MERRIMAN - Almond Branch Brice/Bryce of Scotland and London Cocke Everard/Evered Harris - I-M253 James Jefferson Jordan Larcome Littlebury Munford Patras Place/Plaisse/Plasse of France and London - R1a M198 Z2123 Pleasants/Pleasence - J-M172 Z1043 Sherwood Stewart

SOBLET/SUBLETT - French Huguenots - Brian(t) D'Orleans Gerard/Giraud Lespine Lombard Poupart De Neuflize Renaudin Vallet

SUBLETT line autosomal DNA matches: Chastain/Chasteen David Gabriel Michaux de Maillezais, J-M172/J-M67 Rochet

HEUDEBOURG/HUDIBURG - I1-Z140 French Huguenots - De La Croix Ferre Lendre Carter/McCarter Reno/Reynaud-R1b L23 R-BY35061

HUDIBURG/RENO line autosomal DNA matches: Correia (Azores) Ramirez - possibly da Cunha and da Rocha of Terceira Island, Azores

FRANKLIN of VA, KY, AL, IN - Hamilton of Scotland, NC, KY and Morgan Co., IN Henry LAIR/LEAR - R1b DF99 BY202512 Rus/Rush Tanner

TUTTEROW/TUTROW/DUTROW/DUTRO/DOTTERER/TEDROW(E) - R1b DF99 from Baden-Württemberg - Baker Carleton Donahue Hendst Marke Reihing/Reyhing/Reiching Schlegel/Slagle -E-M35 WHITAKER

TUTTEROW distant y-DNA matches and surnames in same subclade: Bullard Frantz (Baden) Hamilton (Scotland) Lear (UK & KY) Marinelli (South Tyrol-Trentino, Italy) Markey Markle/Merckel Sinacori (Santa Ninfa, Trapani, Italy)

COON/COEN/COONEN/COENEN/KUHN/KOENEN/KUONEN– R1b-U152 L2 from Limberg, Netherlands - It is likely that the Coons came from Switzerland and were originally Swiss Mennonites who migrated to the Netherlands and then to New York and Germantown, PA. The original spelling appears to be Kuonen which looks like a Finnish surname - Buoss Burri Hartsvelder/Hatfield Hirzing Kiesel Klinken/Klinchen Kunders/Cunread/Coonrod Ruchti Salzman(n) Schwartz SNIDER/SNIJDER/SCHNEIDER Stauffer Streypers VonGunten Zimmerman

COON line autosomal DNA matches: Asher Kunkel/Kunkle(r)/Kinkel

FLEINER/FLEENER/FLENER/FLEENOR - R-U106, R-U198 from Baden-Württemberg; R-U198 is of Germanic origin and is associated with Germans of the Rhine Valley, Dutch, Flemish and perhaps the ancient Franks - Bauer Bolling Cowan Eitel/Idol Greisemer/Grisamore/Crismore Hensley Hoffman Johnson Kennon Knox Köhler McClung Minnick/Muench Scott Zimmerman Zugk

FULKERSON/Volckertzen - I-M253 from Norway; Cuvelier Huycken/Huyken Langelaen Phillipse Swartz Van Cleave/Van Cleef Vejle Vigne Willijard

DAVIDSON/Clann Dàidh of Ulster and Scotland, probably of Scandinavian origin

CAMPBELL – Argyll, Scotland – Anderson Conner Corbin - I-M253 Cornstalk/Shawnee Edgar McCammack McDonald Reed Riddle/Riddell Rigg Scott (Possible Dutch or German family in this line)

NEAL(E) - England, R1a-L664-S3477-S4428, Bolling CHITWOOD/CHETWOOD Corley Cowan Deweese Emmett/Emot Evans Ewen Morgan Muse Percy Powhatan Poythress Questenberg/Quisenberry Randolph Richardson Rolfe Scott Slinker Stephens/Staffen Suchtelin Thomas Trowbridge Wisdom Wright Yekovich

BARNETT(E)/Barnhart - Batdorf/Bottorff/Potteroff/Puttorff Briegal de Valois Feg Hautz Herbert Koch Koontz Walborn Zeller

YOUNG from Scotland - Aramu (Sardinia)/Ramus (France & Switzerland)/possibly Ramos (Spain) Boucquet Bunch Cowan Jacobs/Hartje McClung/Mac Luinge Mellin Neff Reyniers Sumi Suydam Van Cycle/Van Sickle(n) – Dutch w/N. American Van Der Beek Van Gelre Van Haarlem Van Sallee w/Moroccan Visinant/Whisenand Willson – Melungeon Wright

ROBERTSON - (Brummett) Chapman Deckern Hoppe(s) Maloney/Moloney Mann MCCOY/MACKAY/MCKAY Morgan Reickert/Reichart/Richards Richardson I-M253 Stanley Stevens Switzer/Swisher

Paternal DNA matches: Ammann (Switzerland) CASTEEL/CASTEL/COSTELLO COX (VA) Hofmann/Hoffman McDaniel/McDonald/MacDonnell (WV) Parrott/Perot Painter/Paynter/Pointer/Poynter J-M172 Robinson Thompson Triplett Webb

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MATERNAL LINES:

4th Great-Grandmother: Julina Sanders Gorman, b. 1822 TN; residence in Lincoln Co., TN. mtDNA is unknown.

BONRODT/POENRADT/PENROD/PENROSE - Pennsylvania Dutch, Y-DNA: R1b DF27 Z198 A478 Y60285 from Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Z198 A478 connections: Trail of Aberdeenshire, Scotland and Andrews of Northern Ireland.

PENROD line - Barron Brant Delbert Dieter Flam Klein Neff RITTER/REITER from Hesse and Baden-Württemberg Shonts/Tchantz from Switzerland Vossen Zaugg/Zook

PENROD line autosomal DNA matches: Berkey/Berki/Burgi Bumbacco/Bumbico Diamond/Dimon Ferre Layman/Lehman Miller/Mueller/Muller Mischler/Mishler Morales Rosen/Rosenberger Saylor/Seiler/Syler/Sylor

FEATHERSTON(E) – J-M172 L70 FTA22963 from Packwood, Warwickshire, England - Arnold Bennett Brasseur Chapman Elmore Fields Goode Green(e) Lyndon Pymbrough Tarpley Wright

FEATHERSTON(E) surnames in same y-DNA subclade: Brandi Gerardi Mangieri (Italy) Johns (UK) Mais (Germany) Cavalleria Ha Levi (Spain) Silva (Azores)

EUDALY - G-L140 French Huguenot or Italian origin - Brasseur Elam Elmore Goode Jones Mackerness Perrin Tarpley - DNA matches: Bourgeois de la Chaumette/Shumate Moreno Reno/Reynaud

HUSTON/HOUSTON - R1b - Strathclyde British from Scotland and later Ulster - Boyd Brown(e) Carter Majory McArthur MCNEAL/MCNEIL/MCILPHEDER R1b L21 Z39589 L1335 FT31910 Ó Cuinneagán/Cunningham Woodruff - Likely McMillan/McMillian/McMillion/McMillin of NY & Scotland

HARDIN/HARDING of Philadelphia, PA, possibly from Somerset and Wiltshire, Eng. - Carter FAIRBAIRN/FREBURN/FREEBURN of Roxburghshire, Scotland Ingham/Ingram

SHACKELFORD, Y-DNA: R1b U106, likely of Old English origin, from Old Alresford, Hampshire, England - Byrd Carter COSBY Crewes Garland Grubbs Horsmanden Jouett/Juett Landon Lewis Moore Muncas/Muncus/Munkers O'Hearne/Hearn Palmer Polk Price Pruden Saint Leger Yancey

De BURGO/BURK/BURKE - from England or Ireland, possibly of Norman French origin - Anderson Barker Breeden/Breeding Cock or Cook Hurst Lane McCormack NUNN Wharton

PERRY - R1b, possibly Puritans from Farnborough, Hampshire, England, MA VA NC KY IN - Amos Clark(e) Collett Cox CRAIN - R1a1a Day Ditto Grizzle - House of Stewart - Spires Symons Veatch

WOOTEN/WOOTTEN/WOOTON/WOOTTON/WOODEN of Chowan Co., NC and Barren Co., KY, Leonhardt McKie/Mackie Schmidt/Smith of SC, Rowan Co., NC and Barren Co., KY

SPARKS - from Hampshire, England, MD NC KY IA - Boyer Hawkins Jans Jefferson Mottrom Pope Robinson Sample Washington Wright

ÓGORMÁIN/O'GORMAN/GORMAN/GARMON/GARMAN of Ireland SC GA TN MS - Roland/Rowland SAUNDERS/SAUNDERS

GORMAN line autosomal DNA matches: Bennett Elks Golden Kelly Kennedy McMahan/McMahon/Mahon McNamara Whatley/Wheatley

Other Maternal DNA matches: Allison/Ellison/McAllister Andersdotter Asher Acheson/Atkinson/Atkisson/Etchison BERRY Boone Brennan BREWSTER Brock Carrico Chamblee Cooper Costello(e)/MacOisdealbhaigh Dodd Dragulia (Transylvania) Drake Drummond HANSEN/HANSON Ingram #2 Jeter Larsson Loomis (CT) Martin McClain/McClean/McLean McGee McGuiness Nelson/Nilsson Noble Olsen SHIELDS - Van Valkenburg - Van Vliet - Van Zan(d)t/Vinzant Wade/Waid

Maternal and Paternal DNA matches to Protestant and Proto-Protestant families of Burgundy and Provence, France. These are primarily Huguenot and Waldensian families: Bernard Bertin Cavalier Colletin Gaudin Martin Maynard Paris Perrin Perrotet Reyne Rossignol Roux Seguin Serre Waldo

Family centenarians: Anna Featherston 100, Cornelius "Neal" McCoy 101, Ruth T. (Fleener) Voorheis 103, Elisha Eudaly 104, John Cosby 106, John Richards 111.

Searching for Penrod/Penrose family Bible; last owned by Dorothy Knox of Crawfordsville.

Research began in 1985 and has led to delving into numerous distant lineages. The quest for more insight and details will never end. Often overlooked sources: chancery, chattel, city directories, coroner's inquests, English duplicates, estray, hospital admissions, Indiana State Archives, police employee files, prison files, quit rent rolls, tax lists. I highly recommend blacksheepancestors.com, DNA Painter, Eupedia, GEDmatch, GenealogyExplained and GeneticHomeland, Geneanet and Gravestone Artwear.

As of 2023, I have proven descent from all 32 Third Great-Grandparents and 55 out of 64 Fourth Great-Grandparents. I am working on proving the remaining 9: McCarter/Carter, Snider, Ritter, Brown/McQuarrie, Ingham, Nunn, Cock/Cook(e), plus two unknown.

CIVIL WAR PROJECT: Searching for death and burial places for the these veterans:
1) Reuben Campbell - (1831-1874), Private, 27th Reg., Co. C or G; died in Brown Co., IN
2) Christopher Cheek Green - (1839-1862/1865), Indianapolis; possible service but unknown
3) Truelove M. Wooten - (1837-1900/1910), Private, 6th Reg. KY Mounted Infantry, Co. C, CSA; died in KY or IL
4) Capt. Joseph W. Young - (1824-1864), Monroe Co., IN; 97th Reg. Co. C; died at Kennesaw Mt., GA

I have an avid interest in archaeology, archaeogenetics, family history, genetic genealogy, phylogeny and segmentology. I'm always looking for information on new breakthroughs. I find funerary art intriguing as well. Other pursuits include arrowhead and fossil hunting, rockhounding and nature walks.

There are still a number of unknown, unmarked and unregistered pioneer cemeteries and family plots that have not been thoroughly researched. One such place is in a field near the corner of Richards Rd. and Carmel Ridge Rd. in Jackson Twp., Brown Co., IN. According to a neighbor, when his father was young in the early 1900's, no one around knew who was buried in this cemetery. Another family plot is off of Haggard Rd. also in Jackson Twp. The original land owners, the Canatsey and Fesler family members, are buried at East Hill Cemetery. Perhaps, some tenants are buried here. Both cemeteries are likely from the 1820 to 1860 time frame. It is probably time for someone to research, identify, mark and register them.

PHOTO PROJECT: Searching for photos of my Great-Great-Grandfather Thomas Allen Shackelford (1853-1902) and his son Milton Shackelford (1875-1931) as well as Milton's children: Lucien, Charles, Rose and Russell. Also, looking for photos of George and Ruth (Coon) Tutterow and their children: Sarah Pruitt d. 1928, Samuel Tutrow d. 1927 and Elizabeth Baker d. 1938. Additionally, I'm looking for photos of Wm. Monroe Merriman (1863-1944) and his siblings James W., Amanda S. Cornelius and Laura Turner.

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My ancestral families from the Indiana Territory phase, 1800-1816: Barnett, Fleener/Fleenor, Griesemer/Grisamore/Grismore/Crismore, LaFabre/LaFavre/Lafaver/LeFebre, Batdorf/Bottorff/Puttorff/Pottorff/Potteroff, Visinand/Whisenand/Whisnant/Whisenhunt. These families were mainly from France, the Rhineland in Germany and various cantons in Switzerland and settled in Clark, Daviess, Monroe and Washington counties.

2020 MyHeritage results: 52.9% Scandinavian, 21.5% Irish, Scottish & Welsh, 14.1% Iberian, 11.5% Italian. The Scandinavian amount likely reflects a significant amount of Viking ancestry from Northern Ireland, Dublin, coastal areas of Ireland, Isle of Man, Hebrides, Iona, Orkney Islands, Shetland and other areas of northern Scotland; Danish Vikings from The Danelaw in eastern England as well as later Norman lines. Some Scandinavian ancestry may be from Germany and the Netherlands. The Italian amount may be attributable to French ancestry as well as to Romano-British, Languedoc Huguenot, Piedmont, Sardinian and Tuscan Waldensian, SW German and Swiss ancestry. Brand new Genetic Groups maps reveal that most of the Iberian is from southern and western France. High Confidence Genetic Groups: Midwestern USA #2, Midwestern and Northeastern USA, Southern USA and Kentucky, Missouri, Indiana and Illinois.

2020 FTDNA MyOrigins V3 results: Western Europe 99% - England, Wales, Scotland 81%, Central Europe 11%, Ireland 7%; Magyar less than 1%; Sardinia less than 1%. Magyar locations include: Austria, Hungary, Romania - Banat, Crișana, Transylvania, Serbia and Slovakia.

My Mother's 2021 MyHeritage results: 58.1% Scandinavian, 26.2% Irish, Scottish & Welsh, 15.7% Italian.

My Mother's FTDNA results: England, Wales, Scotland 35%, Central Europe 33%, Ireland 24%, Magyar 6%, Greece and Balkans 2%.

My Father's inferred ethnic background using FTDNA categories and close relatives results: England, Wales, Scotland over 45%; Italian Peninsula, Basque, Sardinia and possibly a few others.

DNA Land results: Northwest European 68% includes Scottish Argyll Bute, British, Icelandic, Norwegian, Orcadian, Irish; the other results are outliers.

Top Ten Countries of Origin per FTDNA Choropleth Map, My Heritage results & Genetic Genealogy:
1) UNITED KINGDOM - ENGLAND - Devonshire, Hampshire, Liverpool, London - Central and East End, Manchester, Norwich, Warwick, ISLE OF MAN, NORTHERN IRELAND - mainly Co. Antrim - Belfast, Co. Armagh, Coleraine and Co. Down, SCOTLAND - Berwickshire, Caithness, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Inverness, Moray, Roxburgshire, Shetland, Strathclyde, Strathnaver.
2)GERMANY - Baden-Württemberg - Black Forest, Esslingen am Neckar, Heidelberg, Stuttgart, Zaberfeld; Bavaria, Cologne (Köln), Düsseldorf, Harz Mountains, Rhineland-Palatinate.
3) IRELAND - most counties
4) NETHERLANDS
5) FRANCE - Alsace-Lorraine, Arles, Bordeaux, Burgundy, Champagne-Ardenne, Franche-Comté, La Rochelle, Nice, Provence, Rhône-Alpes, Rouen, Sédan.
6) SWEDEN
7) NORWAY
8) SWITZERLAND
9) DENMARK
10) FINLAND

My ancestors run the gamut and include Black Dutch, Druids, Languedoc Huguenots, Manx, Masons, Melungeons, Piedmont Waldensians, Puritans, Swiss Mennonites, Dunkard Brethern, United Brethern, Walloons. Remote Huguenot progenitors may include: Cathars, Vaudois of Lyon/Valdens/Waldensians, Bogomils, Armenian Paulicians, Manichaeans, Dualists, Zoroastrians. Ancient ancestors may include Phrygians and other Anatolians, Tushetians.

Intriguing HarappaWorld test results: NE-Euro 46.59%, Mediterranean 34.21%, Caucasian 8.73%, Baloch 7.86%, SW-Asian 1.93%, (Native) American 0.34%, W-African 0.13%, E-African 0.11%. French is shown as the closest Single Population Sharing source. The Harappa Civilization existed ≈ 4K YBP. I surmise that the Mediterranean amount is higher than average. My K36 test shows 16.96% Italian and 2.59% W Med. Other likely Mediterranean ancestors include the Carthaginians, Luwians, Lydians, Natufians, Phoenicians and possibly the Sea Peoples. My Ancient Eurasia K6 test shows a 37.92% Natufian result.

The HarrapaWorld result of 0.34% American possibly represents Taino ancestry. MDLP World 22 results show 0.25% South American; a sibling has 0.53 % on this same test. This may possibly be from a small bit of ancient Arawak Amazonian ancestry and correlates with the chance of later Taino heritage. There may also be a connection to the Timucua tribe of northern Florida.

FTDNA Ancient Euro Origins results: Farmer 46%, Hunter-Gatherer 44%, Metal Age Invader 10%. The Invader category is associated with the Yamnaya culture and Y-haplogroup R1b. Since my results show R1b then I am quite possibly a descendant of the Yamnaya.

Not every ancestor in one's genealogic family tree is also in one's genetic family tree. So, you don't inherit genes from every ancestor. An excellent article on this subject: http://www.thegeneticgenealogist.com/2013/11/05/understanding-autosomal-dna-with-just-a-few-basic-tenets/. See: http://gcbias.org/2013/11/04/how-much-of-your-genome-do-you-inherit-from-a-particular-ancestor/. According to research by Genetic Interference, at 10 generations back, only 120 of your 1024 genealogical ancestors are genetic ancestors. Recommended reading: Forensic Genealogy by Colleen Fitzpatrick, PhD.

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MERRIMAN ANCESTRY

My Y-DNA M269 SNP Backbone test results reveal that my Merriman family belongs to: Haplogroup R1b-U152 L2, likely of North Italic origin and possibly Romano-British. FTDNA match results indicate that the most likely subclade is R-FTT12. According to the FTDNA Migration Map, L2 originated somewhere in the vicinity of Tuscany. The Haplogroup Story shows an origin date of 2550 BCE. Results connect to the Curd family of NC and TN. Another result showing the R-FTT12 subclade is for the Sgriccia surname of Preci, Perugia, Umbria, Italy. A more distant connection is to the Da Soler/Soller surname of Treviso, Veneto, Italy. There is a good possibility that the family possibly came to Britain during Roman times. Further SNP testing may answer this intriguing question. There appear to be DNA connections to Stockport, Manchester, UK; incidentally, Roman legions were once in that area.

Some surnames that likely connect in the distant past include Bernardi, Banks, Hagi, Maggard, Rendell, Baud/Baut, Hickey and Doss. These surnames originate in England, France, Germany, Italy and Switzerland.

A careful comparison of my results to those of other Merrimans & Merrymans shows that quite a few do not connect through genetic testing.

Interestingly, the picture of John Merryman, III, of Baltimore, MD, (1736-1814), doesn't resemble anyone in my branch. He is separated by a number of generations from Merrimans in Morgan Co., Indiana. Limited autosomal DNA does connect his line. However, y-DNA results are needed from his branch. Thus far, no y-DNA results have been located.

New research in 2021 reveals possible genetic ties to the Merrimans of Sandhurst, Berkshire, UK.

Possible surname meanings: 1) one who was in the service of a knight or outlaw; 2) one who had a pleasant attitude.

My London Merriman ancestors resided in the older wards of the city and the East End: Aldgate, Aldersgate, Coleman St. and Cripplegate wards, Cheapside, Clerkenwell, Stepney, the Tower Hamlets, Whitechapel. Some of these wards are in the same area as ancient Londinium. In the 1630's James and John Merryman set sail from Gravesend, a port city just east of London. They first settled along the James River in James City Co., Charles City Co., York Co., Virginia Colony.

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PATERNAL LINES:

MERRYMAN/MERRIMAN - Almond Branch Brice/Bryce of Scotland and London Cocke Everard/Evered Harris - I-M253 James Jefferson Jordan Larcome Littlebury Munford Patras Place/Plaisse/Plasse of France and London - R1a M198 Z2123 Pleasants/Pleasence - J-M172 Z1043 Sherwood Stewart

SOBLET/SUBLETT - French Huguenots - Brian(t) D'Orleans Gerard/Giraud Lespine Lombard Poupart De Neuflize Renaudin Vallet

SUBLETT line autosomal DNA matches: Chastain/Chasteen David Gabriel Michaux de Maillezais, J-M172/J-M67 Rochet

HEUDEBOURG/HUDIBURG - I1-Z140 French Huguenots - De La Croix Ferre Lendre Carter/McCarter Reno/Reynaud-R1b L23 R-BY35061

HUDIBURG/RENO line autosomal DNA matches: Correia (Azores) Ramirez - possibly da Cunha and da Rocha of Terceira Island, Azores

FRANKLIN of VA, KY, AL, IN - Hamilton of Scotland, NC, KY and Morgan Co., IN Henry LAIR/LEAR - R1b DF99 BY202512 Rus/Rush Tanner

TUTTEROW/TUTROW/DUTROW/DUTRO/DOTTERER/TEDROW(E) - R1b DF99 from Baden-Württemberg - Baker Carleton Donahue Hendst Marke Reihing/Reyhing/Reiching Schlegel/Slagle -E-M35 WHITAKER

TUTTEROW distant y-DNA matches and surnames in same subclade: Bullard Frantz (Baden) Hamilton (Scotland) Lear (UK & KY) Marinelli (South Tyrol-Trentino, Italy) Markey Markle/Merckel Sinacori (Santa Ninfa, Trapani, Italy)

COON/COEN/COONEN/COENEN/KUHN/KOENEN/KUONEN– R1b-U152 L2 from Limberg, Netherlands - It is likely that the Coons came from Switzerland and were originally Swiss Mennonites who migrated to the Netherlands and then to New York and Germantown, PA. The original spelling appears to be Kuonen which looks like a Finnish surname - Buoss Burri Hartsvelder/Hatfield Hirzing Kiesel Klinken/Klinchen Kunders/Cunread/Coonrod Ruchti Salzman(n) Schwartz SNIDER/SNIJDER/SCHNEIDER Stauffer Streypers VonGunten Zimmerman

COON line autosomal DNA matches: Asher Kunkel/Kunkle(r)/Kinkel

FLEINER/FLEENER/FLENER/FLEENOR - R-U106, R-U198 from Baden-Württemberg; R-U198 is of Germanic origin and is associated with Germans of the Rhine Valley, Dutch, Flemish and perhaps the ancient Franks - Bauer Bolling Cowan Eitel/Idol Greisemer/Grisamore/Crismore Hensley Hoffman Johnson Kennon Knox Köhler McClung Minnick/Muench Scott Zimmerman Zugk

FULKERSON/Volckertzen - I-M253 from Norway; Cuvelier Huycken/Huyken Langelaen Phillipse Swartz Van Cleave/Van Cleef Vejle Vigne Willijard

DAVIDSON/Clann Dàidh of Ulster and Scotland, probably of Scandinavian origin

CAMPBELL – Argyll, Scotland – Anderson Conner Corbin - I-M253 Cornstalk/Shawnee Edgar McCammack McDonald Reed Riddle/Riddell Rigg Scott (Possible Dutch or German family in this line)

NEAL(E) - England, R1a-L664-S3477-S4428, Bolling CHITWOOD/CHETWOOD Corley Cowan Deweese Emmett/Emot Evans Ewen Morgan Muse Percy Powhatan Poythress Questenberg/Quisenberry Randolph Richardson Rolfe Scott Slinker Stephens/Staffen Suchtelin Thomas Trowbridge Wisdom Wright Yekovich

BARNETT(E)/Barnhart - Batdorf/Bottorff/Potteroff/Puttorff Briegal de Valois Feg Hautz Herbert Koch Koontz Walborn Zeller

YOUNG from Scotland - Aramu (Sardinia)/Ramus (France & Switzerland)/possibly Ramos (Spain) Boucquet Bunch Cowan Jacobs/Hartje McClung/Mac Luinge Mellin Neff Reyniers Sumi Suydam Van Cycle/Van Sickle(n) – Dutch w/N. American Van Der Beek Van Gelre Van Haarlem Van Sallee w/Moroccan Visinant/Whisenand Willson – Melungeon Wright

ROBERTSON - (Brummett) Chapman Deckern Hoppe(s) Maloney/Moloney Mann MCCOY/MACKAY/MCKAY Morgan Reickert/Reichart/Richards Richardson I-M253 Stanley Stevens Switzer/Swisher

Paternal DNA matches: Ammann (Switzerland) CASTEEL/CASTEL/COSTELLO COX (VA) Hofmann/Hoffman McDaniel/McDonald/MacDonnell (WV) Parrott/Perot Painter/Paynter/Pointer/Poynter J-M172 Robinson Thompson Triplett Webb

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MATERNAL LINES:

4th Great-Grandmother: Julina Sanders Gorman, b. 1822 TN; residence in Lincoln Co., TN. mtDNA is unknown.

BONRODT/POENRADT/PENROD/PENROSE - Pennsylvania Dutch, Y-DNA: R1b DF27 Z198 A478 Y60285 from Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Z198 A478 connections: Trail of Aberdeenshire, Scotland and Andrews of Northern Ireland.

PENROD line - Barron Brant Delbert Dieter Flam Klein Neff RITTER/REITER from Hesse and Baden-Württemberg Shonts/Tchantz from Switzerland Vossen Zaugg/Zook

PENROD line autosomal DNA matches: Berkey/Berki/Burgi Bumbacco/Bumbico Diamond/Dimon Ferre Layman/Lehman Miller/Mueller/Muller Mischler/Mishler Morales Rosen/Rosenberger Saylor/Seiler/Syler/Sylor

FEATHERSTON(E) – J-M172 L70 FTA22963 from Packwood, Warwickshire, England - Arnold Bennett Brasseur Chapman Elmore Fields Goode Green(e) Lyndon Pymbrough Tarpley Wright

FEATHERSTON(E) surnames in same y-DNA subclade: Brandi Gerardi Mangieri (Italy) Johns (UK) Mais (Germany) Cavalleria Ha Levi (Spain) Silva (Azores)

EUDALY - G-L140 French Huguenot or Italian origin - Brasseur Elam Elmore Goode Jones Mackerness Perrin Tarpley - DNA matches: Bourgeois de la Chaumette/Shumate Moreno Reno/Reynaud

HUSTON/HOUSTON - R1b - Strathclyde British from Scotland and later Ulster - Boyd Brown(e) Carter Majory McArthur MCNEAL/MCNEIL/MCILPHEDER R1b L21 Z39589 L1335 FT31910 Ó Cuinneagán/Cunningham Woodruff - Likely McMillan/McMillian/McMillion/McMillin of NY & Scotland

HARDIN/HARDING of Philadelphia, PA, possibly from Somerset and Wiltshire, Eng. - Carter FAIRBAIRN/FREBURN/FREEBURN of Roxburghshire, Scotland Ingham/Ingram

SHACKELFORD, Y-DNA: R1b U106, likely of Old English origin, from Old Alresford, Hampshire, England - Byrd Carter COSBY Crewes Garland Grubbs Horsmanden Jouett/Juett Landon Lewis Moore Muncas/Muncus/Munkers O'Hearne/Hearn Palmer Polk Price Pruden Saint Leger Yancey

De BURGO/BURK/BURKE - from England or Ireland, possibly of Norman French origin - Anderson Barker Breeden/Breeding Cock or Cook Hurst Lane McCormack NUNN Wharton

PERRY - R1b, possibly Puritans from Farnborough, Hampshire, England, MA VA NC KY IN - Amos Clark(e) Collett Cox CRAIN - R1a1a Day Ditto Grizzle - House of Stewart - Spires Symons Veatch

WOOTEN/WOOTTEN/WOOTON/WOOTTON/WOODEN of Chowan Co., NC and Barren Co., KY, Leonhardt McKie/Mackie Schmidt/Smith of SC, Rowan Co., NC and Barren Co., KY

SPARKS - from Hampshire, England, MD NC KY IA - Boyer Hawkins Jans Jefferson Mottrom Pope Robinson Sample Washington Wright

ÓGORMÁIN/O'GORMAN/GORMAN/GARMON/GARMAN of Ireland SC GA TN MS - Roland/Rowland SAUNDERS/SAUNDERS

GORMAN line autosomal DNA matches: Bennett Elks Golden Kelly Kennedy McMahan/McMahon/Mahon McNamara Whatley/Wheatley

Other Maternal DNA matches: Allison/Ellison/McAllister Andersdotter Asher Acheson/Atkinson/Atkisson/Etchison BERRY Boone Brennan BREWSTER Brock Carrico Chamblee Cooper Costello(e)/MacOisdealbhaigh Dodd Dragulia (Transylvania) Drake Drummond HANSEN/HANSON Ingram #2 Jeter Larsson Loomis (CT) Martin McClain/McClean/McLean McGee McGuiness Nelson/Nilsson Noble Olsen SHIELDS - Van Valkenburg - Van Vliet - Van Zan(d)t/Vinzant Wade/Waid

Maternal and Paternal DNA matches to Protestant and Proto-Protestant families of Burgundy and Provence, France. These are primarily Huguenot and Waldensian families: Bernard Bertin Cavalier Colletin Gaudin Martin Maynard Paris Perrin Perrotet Reyne Rossignol Roux Seguin Serre Waldo

Family centenarians: Anna Featherston 100, Cornelius "Neal" McCoy 101, Ruth T. (Fleener) Voorheis 103, Elisha Eudaly 104, John Cosby 106, John Richards 111.

Searching for Penrod/Penrose family Bible; last owned by Dorothy Knox of Crawfordsville.