Governor of Vermont. Father in law of US Senator Ralph Flanders. Grew up in Cleveland Ohio, and Connecticut. Began working as a machinist at age 16. Married Lena Pond in Connecticut, 1885. Daughters Anna, born 1889 and Helen, 1891. Joined Jones and Lamson Machine Company, Springfield, 1889. Company president, 1900. Awarded patents for dies, lathes, sundials, telescopes, and other inventions. Royalties on inventions made him Vermont's wealthiest man. President, American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Member, International Aircraft Standardization Commission, National Screw Thread Commission. Authored "Human Factors in Works Management," a response to Frederick Taylor's "Principles of Scientific Management," 1912. Purchased a Wright Flyer in 1914, developed an airfield outside of Springfield, and took flight instruction from Wright brothers associate Howard Reinhart. Later donated airfield to Springfield in honor of soldiers and sailors who fought in World War I. Became one of the first certified pilots in US. President, Vermont Aero Club. Advisor to government on development and manufacture of Army airplanes for World War I. Amateur astronomer, founded Springfield Telescope Makers astronomy club. Candidate for Governor in 1920. Surmounted Republican party's "Mountain Rule" and won nomination by running as a reformer and modernizer, and by enlisting the support of women voters who were casting ballots for first time after passage of Constitution's 19th Amendment. Governor, 1921-23. Continued business pursuits and other activities after serving as Governor. Friend of Charles Lindbergh, who stayed at his home while in Vermont on national tour after trans-Atlantic flight. Last patent granted, 1932. Wife died, 1933. Helen married Ralph Flanders, also an inventor and engineer. Flanders later served as US Senator. Hartness Library System serves Vermont Technical College and Community College of Vermont. Hartness House in Springfield is now an Inn and is on National Register of Historic Places. Hartness-Porter Museum of Astronomy in Springfield is home to 1910 Hartness Equatorial Tracking Refractor telescope with Brashear lens and many other exhibits.