Brewer Master. He created in 1759 in his brewery the Irish dry stout, Guinness, which became one of the world's most favorite alcoholic beverages and remained at this ranking into the 21st century. Born the son of Elizabeth Read and Richard Guinness, a land steward for Arthur Price, the Archbishop of Cashel, Church of Ireland, his father began the Guinness brewery. In 1722, the Archbishop was said to have acquired a brewery which he left in the charge of the senior Guinness. Apparently, after the death of the Archbishop in 1752, the younger Guinness was bequeathed £100, which he then used to lease a brewery in Leixlip where he made ale. Reportedly distraught over chronic public drunkenness, and of the belief that hard liquor was a destroying the working class, he worked toward the creation of a high quality, low alcohol beer, which would be safer to drink than the contaminated water of the time, and far less intoxicating than gin. In 1759, he moved to Dublin where he paid £100 for a 9,000-year lease on St. James's Gate Brewery at a rent of £45 a year. Successful from the start, he used the proceeds from his business to fund Protestant Sunday Schools, charities creating housing for Dublin's disenfranchised poor, and hospitals, as well as providing benefits such as subsidized meals, pensions, and higher wages for employees, which were unparalleled benefits at the time. Originally producing ale, by the 1770s due to competition from other brewers, he began experimenting with porter. By 1799, he ended the production of ale and exclusively produced the now famous Guinness Stout porter. That year he was appointed as the official brewer for Dublin Castle. By the time of his death four years later, the brewery output was over 20,000 barrels annually. In 2009, Guinness and Company established the Arthur Guinness Fund, which in his memory, offers incentives for people to help their communities.