Hildegarde was born in Charleston, South Carolina, to Richard Birnie , a cotton shipping agent, and Anna (Frost) Birnie. Both the Birnies and the Frosts, descendants of antebellum free black families, were members of the black social and economic elite in post–Civil War Charleston. Birnie's family taught her that her relative privilege obliged her to serve those less fortunate in her community. Richard Birnie was a trustee of the Avery Normal Institute in Charleston, SC.
Hilda and her husband, James migrated to New York from the Charleston area. During this period in the south racial prejudice was rampant. I don't know the exact discussion but they left their former lives in the south and recreated themselves in the north. In the southern census records they were listed as "black" and "mulatto". However, 10 years later, in Brooklyn, NY, they were listed as "white." Hilda went so far as to use her grandfather's name as her own surname (Henry) to "hide" her connections. It was actually "Birnie". I have validated her true identity from documentation taken at her death. Additionally, her birth year is altered on the headstone -- perhaps this was for vanity!
Hildegarde was born in Charleston, South Carolina, to Richard Birnie , a cotton shipping agent, and Anna (Frost) Birnie. Both the Birnies and the Frosts, descendants of antebellum free black families, were members of the black social and economic elite in post–Civil War Charleston. Birnie's family taught her that her relative privilege obliged her to serve those less fortunate in her community. Richard Birnie was a trustee of the Avery Normal Institute in Charleston, SC.
Hilda and her husband, James migrated to New York from the Charleston area. During this period in the south racial prejudice was rampant. I don't know the exact discussion but they left their former lives in the south and recreated themselves in the north. In the southern census records they were listed as "black" and "mulatto". However, 10 years later, in Brooklyn, NY, they were listed as "white." Hilda went so far as to use her grandfather's name as her own surname (Henry) to "hide" her connections. It was actually "Birnie". I have validated her true identity from documentation taken at her death. Additionally, her birth year is altered on the headstone -- perhaps this was for vanity!
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