Nobel Prize Recipient. He was one of the three physicists who received professional recognition after being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1988. According to the Nobel committee, he received the award "for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino." He shared equally the coveted award with Leon Lederman and Jack Steinberger. Born during the Great Depression to Jewish immigrants, he entered at age twelve the Bronx High School of Science in New York, which was a distinguished school with several graduates receiving Nobel Prize in Physics. After graduating from Columbia University in New York City with his Ph.D. in 1958, he became an Assistant Professor, then an Associate Professor in 1960 and a Professor in 1963. From 1956 to 1958, he was a researcher at Brookhaven National Laboratory of the United States Department of Energy on Long Island. While he was at Columbia University, 1944 Nobel Prize in Physics recipient Isidor Rabi was head of the physics department. During his years at Columbia University, his "teacher, mentor and closest colleague" was Jack Steinberger. On February 23, 1960, he submitted a one-page paper to "Physical Review Letters," suggesting the simple idea that a beam of high-energy neutrinos could be produced at any of several new accelerators then under construction. From 1960 to 1962, he, along with Lederman and Steinberger, collaborated research on this idea at Brookhaven National Laboratory. In 1966, he relocated to Stanford University in California, where he was involved with two research projects. In the 1970s he founded and became president of Digital Pathways, a company that designed computer-security systems, and left Stanford in 1983 to manage the company. In 1991 he also rejoined the faculty at Columbia University, becoming a professor emeritus in 2000. From 1991 to 1994, he was the Associate Director at the Brookhaven National Laboratory of United States Department of Energy. In 1994 he was appointed I. I. Rabi Professor of Physics at Columbia University and was honored with the John Jay Award and the Alexander Hamilton Medal in 1995 for his contribution to science. Besides the Nobel Prize, he received numerous honors, including a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1965, being elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1975, and the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement in 1989. In addition to many professional articles, he published in 1972 his classic textbook, "Principles of Electrodynamics." He married and had two daughters and a son. He died from the complications of Parkinson's Disease.