Pharaoh. Known as Ramses the Great. Born the son of Pharaoh Seti I and Queen Tuya. Ramses was made a captain of the army at 10. During his father's reign, Seti made Ramses co-ruler. The prince often accompanied his father on campaigns or, alternately, held the kingdom while Seti was away. When he came to sole rule he was well experienced for his role. Ramses suceeded to the throne of Egypt when he was about twenty years old. He was the third ruler of the 19th Dynasty. In the fourth year of his reign at the Battle of Kadesh, one of the very few from the period for which there are any details, Egyptian forces under Ramses fought the Hittites to a virtual stand still. Over the years of conflict to follow, neither kingdom could defeat the other. Eventually the Pharaoh concluded a truce with Hattusilis III, king of the Hittites, which is the earliest known surviving peace treaty in existence. He led punitive expeditions against Edom, Moab, and Negeb and a more serious aggression against the encroaching Libyans. He was responsible for the construction of numerous grand monuments and temples, including the complex of Abu Simbel, the hypostyle hall at Karnak, a mortuary complex at Abydos, and the Colossus of Ramses at Memphis. More statues of him exist than of any other Egyptian pharaoh. He died about age 90 having ruled almost 67 years. As he had outlived the first twelve of his heirs, he was succeded by his thirteenth son, Merneptah. He was entombed in the Valley of the Kings, in the tomb now known as KV7. His mummy was later moved by the priesthood, ostensibly to deter grave robbers, to the royal mummy cache at Deir el-Bahri where it was discovered in 1881 and removed to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo where it still lies. His name hase been variously written as Usermaatra Ramesses, Ramesses, and Rameses.