United States Senator. He is best known as the U.S. Senator from the State of Massachusetts, and U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam in the 1960s. Born Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr, he dropped the Junior in 1956. Some sources refer to him as Henry Cabot Lodge II, since he was named for his grandfather instead of his father. His grandfather was the legendary U.S. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Republican from Massachusetts, and President Theodore Roosevelt's closest personal friend and political adviser. He was a descendant of several of America's oldest and most-prestigious families. Through his father, George, he inherited the legacy of George Cabot, who seized fame and fortune as a highly successful privateer during the American Revolution. Through his mother, Mathilda Elizabeth Frelinghuysen Davis, he was related to even more Congressmen and Senators. Altogether, he was related to six United States Senators and a Governor of Massachusetts. He graduated from Middlesex School in Concord, Massachusetts, in 1920 and from Harvard University in 1924, majoring in languages. He was a journalist on the "Boston Evening Transcript" and then on the "New York Herald Tribune" until 1931. He was a member of the Massachusetts Legislature from 1933 to 1936. Elected to the U.S. Senate in 1936 and reelected in 1942, he took a leave of absence to serve in active duty in World War II. By the time he requested a second leave for military service in 1944, an order from Secretary of War Henry Stimson had barred current members of Congress from active military duty, hence, forcing him to resign his Senate seat to continue his military assignment. He was the first United States Senator since the Civil War to leave the Senate in order to go to war. He served in the Mediterranean and European Theaters, rising the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. Lodge returned to the Senate in 1946, but, in 1952, despite the nationwide Republican landslide, he was defeated by Democrat John F. Kennedy. As an early supporter and 1952 campaign manager of Dwight D. Eisenhower, he was then appointed in 1953 as the United States Representative at the United Nations, serving until 1960. In 1960, he was the Republican candidate for Vice President on the unsuccessful ticket headed by Richard M. Nixon. He served as U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam from 1963 to 1964 and again from 1965 to 1967 under the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. In 1973, he wrote "The Stream Has Many Eyes," a personal memoir on the Vietnam War era. His writings are considered a historian's point of view of the Vietnam War. Lodge's other writings include "Cult of Weakness" in 1932 and "As It Was" in 1976. He also served as United States Ambassador at Large from 1967 to 1968, and Ambassador to Germany from 1968 to 1969. He was appointed by President Richard Nixon to serve as head of the American delegation to the Vietnam peace negotiations in Paris, France, serving until December 1969. For his last diplomatic posting, he was appointed by President Nixon to serve as Special Envoy to the Vatican from 1970 to 1977. An extensive biography of Lodge was written in 1967 by William J. Miller, "Henry Cabot Lodge," but it excludes the last 15 years of his life. His years in the United Nations can be reviewed in Seymour M. Finger's "Your Man at the U. N.," written in 1980.