The last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764-1795). He did accomplish much in the realm of culture and education. He founded the School of Chivalry (otherwise "Corps of Cadets"), which functioned 1765-1794 and whose alumni included Tadeusz Kosciuszko; and the Commission of National Education (1773), the world's first national ministry of education. In 1765 he helped found the Monitor, the leading periodical of the Polish Enlightenment, and the Polish national theater. He hosted his famous "Thursday dinners," the most brilliant social functions in the Polish capital. He supported the establishment of manufactures and the development of mining. He remodeled Warsaw's Royal Castle, and erected the elegant Royal Baths Palace (Palac Lazienkowski) complex in Warsaw's most romantic park. He created a numismatic collection, a picture gallery, and an engravings room. Stanislaw August was forced to abdicate (November 25, 1795) and left for St. Petersburg, Russia. There, a virtual prisoner, he subsisted on a pension from Catherine the Great and died deeply in debt. In 1938 his remains were transferred to a church at Wolczyn, his birthplace, and in 1995 to St. John's Cathedral in Warsaw, where on May 3, 1791, he had celebrated the adoption, earlier that day, of the Constitution that he co-authored and which was the first Constitution in Europe.Unfortunately, he was unable to act effectively while Russia, Austria, and Prussia partionited Poland and Poland lost independence for 123 years until 11th November 1918.
The last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764-1795). He did accomplish much in the realm of culture and education. He founded the School of Chivalry (otherwise "Corps of Cadets"), which functioned 1765-1794 and whose alumni included Tadeusz Kosciuszko; and the Commission of National Education (1773), the world's first national ministry of education. In 1765 he helped found the Monitor, the leading periodical of the Polish Enlightenment, and the Polish national theater. He hosted his famous "Thursday dinners," the most brilliant social functions in the Polish capital. He supported the establishment of manufactures and the development of mining. He remodeled Warsaw's Royal Castle, and erected the elegant Royal Baths Palace (Palac Lazienkowski) complex in Warsaw's most romantic park. He created a numismatic collection, a picture gallery, and an engravings room. Stanislaw August was forced to abdicate (November 25, 1795) and left for St. Petersburg, Russia. There, a virtual prisoner, he subsisted on a pension from Catherine the Great and died deeply in debt. In 1938 his remains were transferred to a church at Wolczyn, his birthplace, and in 1995 to St. John's Cathedral in Warsaw, where on May 3, 1791, he had celebrated the adoption, earlier that day, of the Constitution that he co-authored and which was the first Constitution in Europe.Unfortunately, he was unable to act effectively while Russia, Austria, and Prussia partionited Poland and Poland lost independence for 123 years until 11th November 1918.
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