Nobel Prize Laureate Scientist. Dr. Pieter Zeeman received world-wide acclaim as a Dutch scientist receiving the 1902 Nobel Prize. The prize was awarded jointly to Zeeman and Dr. Hendrick Antoon Lorentz “in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena." Zeeman graduated with a degree in physics at the University of Leiden, and in 1893 he obtained his research doctorate by a thesis about Kerr Effect, known as the reflection of polarized light on a magnetized surface. In 1895, Zeeman was appointed Professor of the Chair of Theoretical Physics of the University of Leiden, and since 1897 he taught physics at the University of Amsterdam, where during his research, he discovered the “Zeeman Effect,” a phenomenon which consists in the separation of spectral lines due to an external magnetic field. By confirming data, this discovery became vital to the research of Lorentz. He had became Lorentz's assistant before finishing doctorate thesis. Later, the “Zeeman Effect” became an important tool for clarifying the structure of the atom. In 1902, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics sharing the prize with Lorentz. During his long academic career, he published several essays including "The Effect of Magnetization on the Nature of Light Emitted by a Substance,” "The Influence of a Magnetic Field on Radiation Frequency," and "Fresnel's Coefficient for Light of Different Colors." In 1898 he became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, and i n 1921 he was elected as a Foreign Member of the Royal Society in Britain. He received the Matteucci Medal in 1912 from Italy, the Henry Draper Medal from the National Academy of Sciences in 1921, the Rumford Medal in 1922 from Britain's Royal Academy, and the Franklin Medal in 1925 from the Franklin Institute in the United States. The crater Zeeman on the moon was named in his honor.