Private A. Boyd, received a shot fracture of the right elbow joint, at Gettysburg, July 1, 1863, and was admitted to hospital at Frederick five days afterwards. Water dressings were applied until July 18th, when considerable oedema of the limb having become apparent, with redness about the joint, a resection of the injured parts was decided upon. The patient having been brought to the operating room, ether was administered by a Medical Cadet for fifteen or twenty minutes without producing anaesthesia, when from one and a half to two drachms of chloroform was added to the sponge and closely placed over the patient's mouth and nose. In the course of thirty or forty seconds stertorous breathing was produced, whereupon Assistant Surgeon R. F. Weir, U. S. A., in charge of the hospital, proceeded to operate and commenced the incisions. About this time, however, pulsation in the brachial artery was noticed to be running down rapidly, and the respiratory movements of the chest and abdomen were observed to have ceased, when one of the attending surgeons was instructed to examine the patient's tongue, and finding it had not fallen back, Marshall Hall's" ready method was proposed and instantly applied. After this had been kept up for about half a minute and no respiratory effort had been observed, the operator immediately proceeded to open the larynx, when, after artificial respiration by means of compressing and relaxing the chest and abdominal walls for the period of about two minutes, natural breathing was re-established and pulsation of the radial artery could be felt. There was scarcely any hemorrhage from the incision, and none, perhaps, entered the trachea. The edges of the wound were drawn together by adhesive straps. It not being thought proper to proceed with the operation of excision, the patient was returned to his ward and stimulants ordered to be given freely, also generous diet. He rested fairly and took broth very freely the next morning; pulse 130 and quite feeble; respiration quite easy. During the next night and for several days afterwards the patient had a daily chill, and there was considerable cough, with well marked capillary bronchitis throughout the whole extent of the left lung; tongue coated and brown ; wound of elbow but little disposed to suppurate. These symptoms continued to grow worse, and subsequently there were several slight haemorrhages from the incision over the olecranon process. During the last few days the patient's swallowing became very difficult, and beef tea and whiskey were administered by means of clysters. Death supervened on July 28, 1863. The post-mortem examination disclosed a small abscess on each side of the sternum, just beneath the pleura-costalis and about one and a half inches below the clavicles, and confirmed the existence of capillary bronchitis. The history of the case was furnished by Acting Assistant Surgeon W. S Adams." -- The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion. Part III, Volume II. (3rd Surgical volume) by U. S.Army Surgeon General's Office, 1883.