Solomon Northup
Cenotaph

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Solomon Northup

Birth
Minerva, Essex County, New York, USA
Death
unknown
USA
Cenotaph
Hudson Falls, Washington County, New York, USA Add to Map
Memorial ID
View Source
SOLOMON NORTHUP was born in about 1808 or about "10 Jul 1807" in what became Minerva, Essex County, New York, to parents Mintus Northup ("1772" - 1829) and Binore Northup, a Northup house cook. It was believed that his father Mintus, was given his freedom in Capt. Henry Northup's will (buried Baptist Churchyard Cemetery, in Hoosick Falls), so that both Solomon and his brother Joseph were born FREE (see below). In Solomon's own words he wrote "As far back as I have been able to ascertain, my ancestors, on the paternal side, were slaves in Rhode Island." "They belonged to a family named Northup." (The Northup family in Rhode Island appears to go back a long way.) Solomon was an educated man for his time and played the violin. He was born and died before America's Civil War, yet he is forever connected to it and man's inhumanities to man.

Solomon married Anne Hampton Northup on "25 Dec 1828 in Washington County, New York." Source: on Anne's site.

They had Northup children:
Elizabeth "Lizzie" Northup Thomas abt 1830 - 5 Jul 1901 (Mrs. Thomas)
Margaret Anne Northup Stanton abt 1835 - 14 Mar 1879 (Philip Stanton)
Alonzo Northup 15 Jul 1837 - 17 Oct 1909 (Caroline Victoria Robinson)

In 1841, Solomon was kidnapped, and forced into slavery. He was sold four times and with his own strength and the help of others, became a free man again by Jan 1853. It was a miracle that he lived to tell his story. He gave speeches and fought to free other slaves and help them in any way he could.

In 1848, he had missed daughter Margaret's wedding to Philip Stanton in Washington Co., New York. On 19 Nov 1852, his wife Anne had signed a declaration or "memorial" to the Governor of the State of New York, requesting help to bring her free but kidnapped and enslaved husband home from Marksville, Avoyelles, Louisiana.

1853: Solomon was rescued by a relative of Capt. Henry Northup. In Louisiana, Solomon ""Henry B. Northup? Thank God -- thank God? In an instant I comprehended the nature of his business, and felt that the hour of my deliverance was at hand. I started towards him, but the sheriff stepped before me" (Twelve Years A Slave, chapter 21, page 302, with a sketch of the "Scene in the Cotton Field, Solomon delivered up."). Henry and Solomon were both questioned, showed papers, eventually said goodbyes and took the first steamer down the Red River, back to New Orleans, then Washington and lastly to Sandy Hill, New York. Papers were filed in the New Orleans Recorder's Office on 4th and 7th Jan 1853 confirming Solomon was a free man and that Henry B. Northup,, Esquire was returning him home (p 311). Henry Bliss Northup was the great grandson of Immanuel Northup, died 1790 in Rhode Island, the father of Capt. Henry Northup.

1853: Solomon coauthored with David Wilson, his autobiographical story titled Twelve Years A Slave. The Narrative of Solomon Northup, a Citizen of New York, Kidnapped in Washington City in 1841, and Rescued in 1853, From a Cotton Plantation Near the Red River, in Louisiana. It was published in 1853. One of the 3 publishers, Derby & Miller of Auburn, NY, advertised it in the 26 Aug 1853 issue of The Liberator (Boston, MA). It was dedicated to Harriet Beecher Stowe. The book included a drawing of him titled, Solomon in his Plantation suit, and underneath is his cursive signature. We are grateful that he shared his hideous story of kidnapping and the horrible institution of slavery (it's free to read on Public Domain Review).

The heart wrenching story of the same title, Twelve Years A Slave, was made into a movie in 2013. It has brought his story back in the limelight. This emotional story gives us some clues what it felt like to walk in his shoes. It won the 2014 Oscar for best film, amongst stiff competition. Amen.

Oct 1854, Alexander Merrill and Joseph Russell (circus employees who used various names) were indicted for having allegedly sold Solomon as a slave. It was changed to kidnapping but Solomon disappeared from the public eye before trial. In May of 1857, due to his disappearance in court, the District Attorney entered "nolle prosequi" (unwilling to prosecute). The true story of what happened to him is unknown, but one can guess. The Bench and Bar of Saratoga County or Reminiscences of the Judiciary and Scenes in the Court Room by attorney E.R. Mann, 1876, page 152 -153 has more details.

In August 1857, Solomon Northup was scheduled to speak in Streetsville, Ontario, Canada. At that event, Solomon fled after the crowd began shouting threats, specifically "brain the blasted Sambo!" and "down with the bloody n___." The incident was first reported in the Streetsville Review, and then republished in two US newspapers, including the Boston Herald. There are articles indicating that he got in bar fights and ran up debts while promoting his book, and failed to pay printing bills for his appearances. Shared by IG.

It appears, he died after Aug 1857. His wife, Anne was listed as married in 1865. The year and record of his death is simply undocumented. There was a 1858 New York newspaper accounting that believed he had left the area. I've also seen he died in 1863, again with no source.

On the 1860 Glen Falls, Queensburg, Warren Co., New York census, I found (his wife, living without him) "cook" Ann Hampton Northup, 53; residing with farmer Harry Hampton, 50; and Elisabeth Hampton, 30, all New York born. She has real estate valued at $600 and personal property at $50. I suspect Harry is her brother or similar. Living next to them is (son in law), teamster Phillip Stanton, 40; Margritte Stanton (Solomon's daughter), 28; (grandson) Solomon Stanton, 11 and (granddaughter) Florence Stanton, 2, all New York born.

Solomon and his son Sol were not listed on the 1865 Moreau, Saratoga Co., New York census. Here, I found Philip Stanton, 47; wife Margrett Stanton, 47; son Thomas R. Stanton, 10; daughter Florence Stanton, 7 and MARRIED mother in law, Ann Northup, 66. Solomon isn't found on later censuses to date. (This implies Ann hoped or believed her husband was alive.)

Henry Northup's nephew, John Henry Northup, wrote in 1909 that "The last I heard of him, Sol was lecturing in Boston to help sell his book. All at once, he disappeared. We believe that he was kidnapped and taken away or killed." 7 Mar 1999 "Solomon's Wisdom" by Michelle Genz, Washington Post.

Solomon's father, Mintus Northup's damaged gravestone was replaced by his kin and unveiled on 19 Jul 2014 at Baker Cemetery in Hudson Falls, NY. On the back of Mintus's new granite marker is a memorial to his son Solomon, making this Solomon's CENOTAPH or memorial only. Note that even his new 2014 marker placed at Baker Cemetery, has no dates, since they have not been verified. (See "New headstone unveiled to help tell the story of Solomon Northup," in the Post-Star (Glens Falls, New York) dated 19 July 2014).

Note: This site was first made in 2013 and a second site was made in 2020, when it was discovered that a marker for him was created at Baker Cemetery on the back of his father's marker. Once this was confirmed to be true, and his burial location continues to be unknown, it was designated to be a cenotaph (or memorial to him). Findagrave chose to remove the 2013 site and merged it with the 2020 site herein.

Bio researched and written by LSP
SOLOMON NORTHUP was born in about 1808 or about "10 Jul 1807" in what became Minerva, Essex County, New York, to parents Mintus Northup ("1772" - 1829) and Binore Northup, a Northup house cook. It was believed that his father Mintus, was given his freedom in Capt. Henry Northup's will (buried Baptist Churchyard Cemetery, in Hoosick Falls), so that both Solomon and his brother Joseph were born FREE (see below). In Solomon's own words he wrote "As far back as I have been able to ascertain, my ancestors, on the paternal side, were slaves in Rhode Island." "They belonged to a family named Northup." (The Northup family in Rhode Island appears to go back a long way.) Solomon was an educated man for his time and played the violin. He was born and died before America's Civil War, yet he is forever connected to it and man's inhumanities to man.

Solomon married Anne Hampton Northup on "25 Dec 1828 in Washington County, New York." Source: on Anne's site.

They had Northup children:
Elizabeth "Lizzie" Northup Thomas abt 1830 - 5 Jul 1901 (Mrs. Thomas)
Margaret Anne Northup Stanton abt 1835 - 14 Mar 1879 (Philip Stanton)
Alonzo Northup 15 Jul 1837 - 17 Oct 1909 (Caroline Victoria Robinson)

In 1841, Solomon was kidnapped, and forced into slavery. He was sold four times and with his own strength and the help of others, became a free man again by Jan 1853. It was a miracle that he lived to tell his story. He gave speeches and fought to free other slaves and help them in any way he could.

In 1848, he had missed daughter Margaret's wedding to Philip Stanton in Washington Co., New York. On 19 Nov 1852, his wife Anne had signed a declaration or "memorial" to the Governor of the State of New York, requesting help to bring her free but kidnapped and enslaved husband home from Marksville, Avoyelles, Louisiana.

1853: Solomon was rescued by a relative of Capt. Henry Northup. In Louisiana, Solomon ""Henry B. Northup? Thank God -- thank God? In an instant I comprehended the nature of his business, and felt that the hour of my deliverance was at hand. I started towards him, but the sheriff stepped before me" (Twelve Years A Slave, chapter 21, page 302, with a sketch of the "Scene in the Cotton Field, Solomon delivered up."). Henry and Solomon were both questioned, showed papers, eventually said goodbyes and took the first steamer down the Red River, back to New Orleans, then Washington and lastly to Sandy Hill, New York. Papers were filed in the New Orleans Recorder's Office on 4th and 7th Jan 1853 confirming Solomon was a free man and that Henry B. Northup,, Esquire was returning him home (p 311). Henry Bliss Northup was the great grandson of Immanuel Northup, died 1790 in Rhode Island, the father of Capt. Henry Northup.

1853: Solomon coauthored with David Wilson, his autobiographical story titled Twelve Years A Slave. The Narrative of Solomon Northup, a Citizen of New York, Kidnapped in Washington City in 1841, and Rescued in 1853, From a Cotton Plantation Near the Red River, in Louisiana. It was published in 1853. One of the 3 publishers, Derby & Miller of Auburn, NY, advertised it in the 26 Aug 1853 issue of The Liberator (Boston, MA). It was dedicated to Harriet Beecher Stowe. The book included a drawing of him titled, Solomon in his Plantation suit, and underneath is his cursive signature. We are grateful that he shared his hideous story of kidnapping and the horrible institution of slavery (it's free to read on Public Domain Review).

The heart wrenching story of the same title, Twelve Years A Slave, was made into a movie in 2013. It has brought his story back in the limelight. This emotional story gives us some clues what it felt like to walk in his shoes. It won the 2014 Oscar for best film, amongst stiff competition. Amen.

Oct 1854, Alexander Merrill and Joseph Russell (circus employees who used various names) were indicted for having allegedly sold Solomon as a slave. It was changed to kidnapping but Solomon disappeared from the public eye before trial. In May of 1857, due to his disappearance in court, the District Attorney entered "nolle prosequi" (unwilling to prosecute). The true story of what happened to him is unknown, but one can guess. The Bench and Bar of Saratoga County or Reminiscences of the Judiciary and Scenes in the Court Room by attorney E.R. Mann, 1876, page 152 -153 has more details.

In August 1857, Solomon Northup was scheduled to speak in Streetsville, Ontario, Canada. At that event, Solomon fled after the crowd began shouting threats, specifically "brain the blasted Sambo!" and "down with the bloody n___." The incident was first reported in the Streetsville Review, and then republished in two US newspapers, including the Boston Herald. There are articles indicating that he got in bar fights and ran up debts while promoting his book, and failed to pay printing bills for his appearances. Shared by IG.

It appears, he died after Aug 1857. His wife, Anne was listed as married in 1865. The year and record of his death is simply undocumented. There was a 1858 New York newspaper accounting that believed he had left the area. I've also seen he died in 1863, again with no source.

On the 1860 Glen Falls, Queensburg, Warren Co., New York census, I found (his wife, living without him) "cook" Ann Hampton Northup, 53; residing with farmer Harry Hampton, 50; and Elisabeth Hampton, 30, all New York born. She has real estate valued at $600 and personal property at $50. I suspect Harry is her brother or similar. Living next to them is (son in law), teamster Phillip Stanton, 40; Margritte Stanton (Solomon's daughter), 28; (grandson) Solomon Stanton, 11 and (granddaughter) Florence Stanton, 2, all New York born.

Solomon and his son Sol were not listed on the 1865 Moreau, Saratoga Co., New York census. Here, I found Philip Stanton, 47; wife Margrett Stanton, 47; son Thomas R. Stanton, 10; daughter Florence Stanton, 7 and MARRIED mother in law, Ann Northup, 66. Solomon isn't found on later censuses to date. (This implies Ann hoped or believed her husband was alive.)

Henry Northup's nephew, John Henry Northup, wrote in 1909 that "The last I heard of him, Sol was lecturing in Boston to help sell his book. All at once, he disappeared. We believe that he was kidnapped and taken away or killed." 7 Mar 1999 "Solomon's Wisdom" by Michelle Genz, Washington Post.

Solomon's father, Mintus Northup's damaged gravestone was replaced by his kin and unveiled on 19 Jul 2014 at Baker Cemetery in Hudson Falls, NY. On the back of Mintus's new granite marker is a memorial to his son Solomon, making this Solomon's CENOTAPH or memorial only. Note that even his new 2014 marker placed at Baker Cemetery, has no dates, since they have not been verified. (See "New headstone unveiled to help tell the story of Solomon Northup," in the Post-Star (Glens Falls, New York) dated 19 July 2014).

Note: This site was first made in 2013 and a second site was made in 2020, when it was discovered that a marker for him was created at Baker Cemetery on the back of his father's marker. Once this was confirmed to be true, and his burial location continues to be unknown, it was designated to be a cenotaph (or memorial to him). Findagrave chose to remove the 2013 site and merged it with the 2020 site herein.

Bio researched and written by LSP

Inscription

In memory of
Solomon Northup
son of Mintus Northup
and author of
Twelve Years a Slave
"to rest beside where
my father sleeps"

In memory of
Mintus Northup
Who died
Nov. 22d
1829:
In the
57h year of
His age
Is this the fate that all must die,
Will death no ages spare
Then let us all to Jesus fly
And seek for refuge there.

Gravesite Details

His burial location is still unknown. His CENOTAPH (or memorial marker only) is shared on the back of his father's marker.