Elisha married Martha Jane Scaggs on August 11, 1857, at Mount Enterprise, Rusk County, Texas. They were married by C.P. Matlock, Esq.

Elisha Columbus Fallwell enrolled on May 5, 1862, with the Company E, 11th Regiment, Texas Infantry, in the Confederate Army. The 11th Infantry fought battles in Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas. According to the Muster Rolls of this Regiment, Elisha served three years in the Civil War with this Company. On the Muster Roll for June 1863, he was absent because he was "sick at Convalescent Camp Trenton since 16 June." The Muster Roll for August 1863 stated that he was "absent on furlough since 12th Aug. in Panola County, Tex." The reason for the furlough may have been to recover from his illness, or perhaps because his father, William H. Fallwell, might have been ill as his father died on December 27, 1863. Elisha C. was back on the Muster Rolls in January and February 1864 and stayed with the 11th Texas Infantry until the end of the war in May 1865.

Family history says that Elisha Columbus "carried a minie ball in his thigh to the end of his life." Perhaps this was the reason for his being sent to Camp Trenton to convalesce, however, no mention was made of an injury on the Muster Rolls or his Veteran's Pension Application.

Elisha lived a few years in Waco, Texas, and later in Austin. having served on the police force in both cities. He was a policeman serving the City of Austin for many years.

Note: The minie ball (pronounced mini-ay) was a cylindrical bullet with a hollow base that expanded when fired and was used in the Civil War by both Union and Confederate soldiers. The "minnie" bullet (as they called it) was used in their muzzle-loading rifles. (In 1849, the French army officer Claude-Etienne Minié invented the bullet that would bear his name.)